Lesson 10
   Topic: BEHAVIORISM

Behaviorism- focuses on the study of observable and measure to behavior.

IVAN PAVLOV (1849-1936)- Russian psychologist, a well known for his work in classical conditioning or stimulus substitution.
Extinction- if stop pairing the bell with the foods, salivation will eventually cease in response to the bell.

Classical Conditioning

Stage 1. Before Conditioning

              Bell (Neutral Stimulus) _____No Response

Stage 2. Bell (Neutral Stimulus) _____MEAT (unconditioned stimulus)

                                     paired with-----SALIVATION (unconditioned response)

Stage 3. After Conditioning 

              Bell (conditioning stimulus)--SALIVATION (conditioned response)

Spontaneous Recovery- extinguished responses can be ''recovered'' after an elapsed time.

Discrimination- the dog could learn to discriminate between similar bells and discern which bell would result in the presentation of food and we would not.

EDWARD L. THORNDIKE (1874-1944)- connectionism theory gave the original S-R framework or behavioral psychology.

Main Principle- that learning could be adequately explain without considering any observable internal states.

• Law of Effect- states that a connection between stimulus and response is strengthened when the consequence is positive and the connection between the stimulus and the response is weakened when the consequence in negative.
• Law of Exercise- tells us that the more an S-R bond is practiced the stronger it will become.
• Law or Readiness- states that the more readiness the learners has to respond to the stimulus, the stronger will be the bond between them.

JOHN WATSON (1878-1958)- was the firs american psychologist to work with Pavlov's ideas. Initially in animal studies, then later become involved in human behavior research.

Experiment on Albert

- applied classical conditioning in his experiment concerning Albert, a young child and a white rat.

ADDITIONAL RESOURCES AND REFERENCES

RESOURCES

• McSweeney and Murphy: The Wiley Blackwell Handbook of Operant and Classical Conditioning. This brand new book contains an up-to-date, inclusive account of a core field of psychology research, with in-depth coverage of operant and classical conditioning theory, its applications, and current topics including behavioral economics.

                                     RELATED THEORIS:

Classical and Operant Conditioning (Skinner)

• A behaviorist theory based on the fundamental idea that behaviors that are reinforced will tend to continue, while behaviors that are punished will eventually end.
• Behaviorism
  

  Behaviorism is a worldview that operates on a principle of "stimulus-response." All behavior caused by external stimuli (operant conditioning). All behavior can be explained without the need to consider internal…
• Discovery Learning (Bruner)
  

  Summary: Discovery Learning is a method of inquiry-based instruction, discovery learning believes that it is best for learners to discover facts and relationships for themselves. Originator: Jerome Bruner (1915-)
•                                                                            MY REFLECTION
•  In this topic, I've learned that as an individual must have to find or must to experience a lot for us to become a good educator in the future. Since behaviors are the main reason for us to become happy and sad, it will serves as a lesson for us to become mentally improve.